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In this paper I review the major theoretical approaches to political ecology, and then introduce a research tool. The critical moment is a noticeable historical instance or interaction. Given the fluidity in the theoretical frameworks of political ecology and the growing dominance of participatory discourse, exploring critical moments provides a foundation for a heterodox approach to explaining human/society/nature relations. It is a way to uncover the multidimensional interpretation of power involving environmental actors, struggles, and key events. One of the key research areas for political ecology is the conservation of nature and forest environments, and the use of the critical moment is explored in these.Key words: Political ecology, critical moment analysis, conservation, Bangladesh

The paper focuses on the operation of a forest conservation project, the USAID-funded Nishorgo Support Project, and its operations in the Lawachhara National Park, Srimangal, Moulvibazar District, Bangladesh. The project has instituted a collaborative management approach. The participants include both state and non-state actors including the Bangladesh Government, the USAID, IUCN, NGOs, and local communities. In 2008 Chevron conducted a seismic survey for natural gas in the National Park, which violated municipal law. This placed the Nishorgo Project in a dilemma over its declared goal of forest conservation versus the interest of the state and Chevron in harnessing gas. This article analyses the interplay of the actors surrounding this critical moment, and argues the officially declared values, norms, and ideational elements guiding the project should be questioned. In establishing this argument, this paper uses the concept of "accountability communities" coined by Kanishka Jayasurya.Key words: Accountability communities, co-management approach, Nishorgo Project, Chevron, USAID, conservation, participation, governance.

This article explores the causes of the United Nations' inertia in dealing with the Rohingya crisis since its beginning in August 2017. Here we argue that the United Nations' inherent structural weaknesses contribute to its indecisiveness in taking any effective and timely measures when faced with a humanitarian crisis. We further argue that weaknesses of the United Nations have their origins in the creation of the organization and its sole dependency on the decisions of the five permanent members of the Security Council for any intervention in humanitarian crises. In the conclusion, we consider the prospect of the General Assembly in light of the globally recognized Responsibility to Protect (R2P) doctrine as an alternative to resolve this inherent weakness and the obstacles to taking effective and timely measures in dealing with Rohingya-like situations.

"This volume presents the case of environmental humanities of Bangladesh, a developing country that experiences rapid industrialization, urbanization, and ecological degradation victimizing the masses. The book highlights ecocriticism, environmental justice, biodiversity, and politics of development and sustainability"--